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Biohellenika today gives a second chance to children that have not cryopreserved stem cells from the umbilical cord blood to store stem cells from deciduous teeth, which from the age of 5-6 year old are replaced.
These cells today are in experimental studies for regenerative medicine.
The aim of this service is the collection and cryopreservation of the valuable biological source of stem cells for the children that have not collected their stem cells during birth or that have been used for therapeutic purposes. The deciduous teeth that are used for this purpose are highlighted in the following diagram in red.
The service also concerns adults that want to use their wisdom teeth as a source of collection, process and cryopreservation of stem cells for therapeutic use. Furthermore teeth that are extracted for orthodontic purposes can be used for the isolation of stem cells.
The discovery that was done in 2003 from a scientific team of the Department of National Institute of Health of the United States (N.I.H.) gives the opportunity to parents that lost the chance to store their childrens’ stem cells during birth to ask for the preservation of this valuable material that is found in deciduous teeth.
Types of stem cells that are found in the dental pulp.
The deciduous teeth inside contains the dental pulp, which is rich in stem cells. The discovery of these cells open a new field of research, that explores the possibilities of use these cells in therapeutic applications in the near future, in parallel or complementary to those of the umbilical cord stem cells.
Τhe pulp of deciduous teeth contains:
Odontoblasts, the cells which create the pulp and the dentine of the tooth
Mesenchymal stem cells which can be implanted into any other organ or tissue and reinforce its defense and regenerating function
Endothelial cells and also migrating blood cells.
Today is generally acceptable, that stem cells derived from deciduous teeth can have in the near future clinical applications similar to those of the stem cells of the bone marrow and the umbilical cord blood.
Diseases that are intended to be treated with dental pulp stem cells are:
Dental diseases
Pulp regeneration
Development a whole new viable teeth
Dentin regeneration, by fixing the caries
Tissue regeneration
Improvement of cardiac function after heart attack, by stem cell implantation into the infarcted area
Treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
Osteoarthritis, cartilage and fascia regeneration
Bone fracture healing
Use as grafts in Maxillofacial Surgery of jaw or bone defects
WHY IS THE VIRUS DANGEROUS?
HOW IS THE VIRUS TRANSMITTED?
WHICH VIRAL TYPES ARE KNOWN TODAY?
MOLECULAR TESTING ADVANTAGES
Molecular test, detection and genotyping of the virus is the most modern and reliable diagnosis method. It should be applied in combination with annual PAP-test in women of over of 30 years of age. Molecular testing is necessary, since PAP-test can detect only cervical damages and not the cause of the cancer.
Therefore, a molecular test that can quickly and reliably detect multiple HPV genotypes in cervical smear becomes a necessity. Early detection of the virus and monitoring of the infection is important, in order to avoid cancer. Negative result deriving from a molecular test offers the possibility of vaccinations against high risk HPV in women of all age.
Biohellenika S.A. offers the service of molecular detection and genotyping of HPV with the method of DNA microarrays (PapilloCheck – CE-IVD).
PapilloCheck is considered the most indicated way of detection and genotyping of HPV because:
SAMPLING
HPV test is applied in cervical smear, collected with a special sterilized swab, offered for free by Biohellenika (after communication). The swab must be sent in our labs within 48 hours, while, until then, it is stored at 4°C.
References
1. Parkin D.M. et al. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2005, 55(2):74-108.
2. Ferlay J. et al. GLOBOCAN 2002: Cancer Incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide, version 2.0 IARC; Cancer Bases No. 5, Lyon, IARC, 2004.
3. Boyle P. et al.; Cancer incidence and mortality in Europe, 2004;Ann. Oncol. 2005, 16(3):481-88.
4. Gesellschaft der epidemiologischen Krebsregister in Deutschland e.V. (GEKID) in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Robert Koch-Institut (RKI); Krebs in Deutschland, Häufigkeiten und Trends; 5. überarbeitete, aktualisierte Ausgabe, 2006.
5. Ho G.Y.F. et al. Natural history of cervicovaginal papillomavirus infection in young women; N. Engl. J. Med. 1998, 338:423-428.
6. Bosch F.X., de Sanjosé S.; Chapter 1: Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer - burden and assessment of causality; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 2003, 31:3-13.
7. Winer R.L., Lee S.K., Hughes J.P., Adam D.E., Kiviat N.B., Koutsky L.A. Genital human papillomavirus infection: incidence and risk factors in a cohort of female university students; Am. J. Epidemiol. 2003, 157:218-226.
8. Brown D.R. et al. A longitudinal study of genital human papillomavirus infection in a cohort of closely followed adolescent women; J. Infect. Dis. 2005, 191:182-192.
9. Evander M. et al. Human papillomavirus infection is transient in young women: a population-based cohort study; J. Infect. Dis. 1995, 171:1026-1030.
10. Muñoz N., Bosch F.X., de Sanjosé S., Herrero R., Castellsague X., Shah K.V., Snijders P.J., Meijer C.J.; International Agency for Research on Cancer Multicenter Cervical Cancer Study Group: Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer; N. Engl. J. Med. 2003, 348:518-527.
11. Muñoz N., Bosch F.X., Castellsagué X., Diaz M., de Sanjosé S., Hammouda D., Shah K.V., Meijer C.J. Against which human papillomavirus types shall we vaccinate and screen? The international perspective; Int. J. Cancer 2004, 111:278-285.
12. Dalstein V., Merlin S., Bali C., Saunier M., Dachez R. and Ronsin C. Analytical evaluation of the PapilloCheck test, a new commercial DNA chip for detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus. J. Vir. Methods 2009,156:77-83.
New!
Biohellenika offers a complete testing program related to prenatal and postnatal control as well as tests related to infertility. These tests include karyotype and FISH to detect abnormalities of the chromosomes and tests for cistic fibrosis, thrombofilia, viral, parasitic and bacterial infections. The samples testes are: amniotic fluid, chorionic villi, material of miscarriages, fetal blood and peripheral blood.
Indications of prenatal screening include:
Ø Maternal age >35
Ø Ultrasound fetal abnormalities (eg indications for Down Syndrome)
Ø Increased risk of abnormalities portrayed in the biochemical control of the 1rst and second trimester.
Ø Parents who are carriers of chromosomal abnormalities
Ø Previous birth of a child with chromosomal abnormality
Ø Intrauterine death
Ø Determination of the sex in sex-linked diseases
Ø Spontaneous miscarriage
Ø Increased anxiety of the mother
Indications of postnatal control include:
Ø Infertility
Ø Recurrent miscarriages
Ø Medical history of intrauterine death or of previous child with birth defects.
Ø Apparent/visible congenital abnormalities
Ø Absence or delay of the development of the characteristics of the sex.
Ø Primary amenorrhea
The examinations of infertility include:
Ø FV-Leiden, F 2 (prothrombin), homocystinemia (MTHFR)
Ø Viral infections (herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus)
Ø Chlamydia, mycoplasma, naiseries
Ø Toxoplasma, B-streptococcus
The laboratories of biohellenika are accredited by ESYD (National Accreditation System). All tests are performed by qualified molecular biologists and evaluated by physicians specialized in Genetic Centers abroad with which they maintain partnerships. Apart from the tests mentioned above, other more specific tests can be conducted upon request. The information provided is valuable for the prognosis of the person with the abnormality, its relatives, future pregnancies and future generations.
KARYOTYPE AND FISH-INFERTILITY
Biohellenika offers a complete testing program related to prenatal and postnatal control as well as tests related to infertility. These tests include karyotype and FISH to detect abnormalities of the chromosomes and tests for cistic fibrosis, thrombofilia, viral, parasitic and bacterial infections. The samples testes are: amniotic fluid, chorionic villi, material of miscarriages, fetal blood and peripheral blood.
Indications of prenatal screening include:
Indications of postnatal control include:
The examinations of infertility include:
The laboratories of biohellenika are accredited by ESYD (National Accreditation System). All tests are performed by qualified molecular biologists and evaluated by physicians specialized in Genetic Centers abroad with which they maintain partnerships. Apart from the tests mentioned above, other more specific tests can be conducted upon request. The information provided is valuable for the prognosis of the person with the abnormality, its relatives, future pregnancies and future generations.
Infertility tests
Biohellenika has built an up-to-date molecular analysis laboratory, which is capable of testing man and woman infertility. In our laboratory, microbial agents related to genital infections, such as Chlamydia, Toxoplasma, Ureoplasma and other microbes as well as viruses such as HPV, are being analyzed. These tests are conducted with the method of Real Time PCR (RT-PCR) and detect the very own DNA of the pathogens, which means their presence in the genital system at the moment of sampling. RT-PCR is a more reliable method, compared to antibody detection, which in some viral infections may take months. Hence false negative results are avoided and treatment as well as suitability of the medicine can be evaluated.
Thrombophilia tests
In cases of repeated miscarriages, pathologic genes responsible for blood coagulation may be triggered and therefore should be tested. These tests are very important, because they protect the mother from thrombotic cases during pregnancy, labor or even later.
Cardiovascular diseases tests
Patients with family history of heart attacks in early age are tested for carrying pathologic genes, associated with cholesterol metabolism and lipids in general, as well as for factors that may cause cardiovascular diseases. The “gene profile” of these patients can provide them with important information about their future. This information in combination with appropriate instructions and medical treatment can result in avoidance of life threatening cases.
So, Biohellenika offers the possibility of detecting the predisposition for cardiovascular diseases, which include a series of complicated damages not only in the heart, but also in the vessels. Such diseases are the major death cause in the advanced countries. Nowadays, the genetic factors that partake in thrombosis and arterial pressure rise mechanisms are known. Some of the diseases associated with pathologic genes are the following:
Diseases |
Severe vascular thrombosis |
Coronary disease |
Acute heart attack |
Hypertension |
Hereditary thrombophilia |
Thromboembolic disease |
Increased cholesterol levels in plasma |
Current Stem Cell Applications |
Amegakaryocytosis Aplastic Anemia (Severe) Blackfan-Diamond Anemia Congenital Cytopenia* Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia Dyskeratosis Congenita Fanconi Anemia Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Pure Red Cell Aplasia
Beta Thalassemia Major Sickle Cell Disease
Familial Erythrophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Hemophagocytosis Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (Histiocytosis X)
Chronic Granulomatous Disease Congenital Neutropenia Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Severe Combined Immunodeficiencies (SCID) including: Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency* Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome Chediak-Higashi Syndrome* Kostmann Syndrome Omenn Syndrome Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency Reticular Dysgenesis Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome X-Linked Lymphoproliferative Disorder
Adrenoleukodystrophy Fucosidosis Gaucher Disease* Hunter Syndrome (MPS-II) Hurler Syndrome (MPS-IH) Krabbe Disease Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome Mannosidosis* Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome (MPS-VI) Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Mucolipidosis II (I-cell Disease)* Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Batten Disease)* Niemann-Pick Disease* Sandhoff Disease* Sanfilippo Syndrome (MPS-III) Scheie Syndrome (MPS-IS) Sly Syndrome Tay Sachs* Wolman Disease
Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia* Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia* Adult T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Hodgkins Lymphoma Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (JCML) Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML) Myeloid/Natural Killer (NK) Cell Precursor Acute Leukemia Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Polymphocytic Leukemia
Acute Myelofibrosis* Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (Myelofibrosis)* Amyloidosis Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) Essential Thrombocythemia* Polycythemia Vera* Refractory Anemias (RA) including: Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts (RAEB) Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation (RAEB-T) Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
Multiple Myeloma Plasma Cell Leukemia Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Other Inherited Disorders Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria (Gunther Disease) DiGeorge Syndrome
Brain Tumors** Ewing Sarcoma* Neuroblastoma Ovarian Cancer* Renal Cell Carcinoma* Rhabdomyosarcoma Small Cell Lung Cancer* Testicular Cancer* Thymoma (Thymic Carcinoma)
Chronic Active Epstein Barr Evans Syndrome Multiple Sclerosis* Rheumatoid Arthritis* Systemic Lupus Erythematosus* Thymic Dysplasia
* in clinical trials, www. clinicaltrials.gov
Emerging Stem Cell Applications
Diabetes Heart Disease Liver Disease Muscular Dystrophy Parkinsons Disease Spinal cord injury Stroke |
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